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a Department of
Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at the National
Heart and Lung Institute, London SW3 6LY, UK, b Institute
of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred
Heart, Roma, Italy
Correspondence to: Professor P J Barnes
Received 12 July 1999; Returned to authors 20 September 1999; Revised version received 5 November 1999; Accepted for publication 25 November 1999
BACKGROUND
Cystic
fibrosis is characterised by oxidative stress in the airways.
Isoprostanes are prostaglandin isomers formed by free radical catalysed
peroxidation of arachidonic acid. 8-Isoprostane is increased in
interstitial lung diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Exhaled nitric oxide
(NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are biomarkers of inflammation and
oxidative stress in the airways, respectively.
METHODSConcentrations
of 8-isoprostane in the breath condensate of 10 normal subjects and
19 patients with stable cystic fibrosis were measured using an enzyme
immunoassay (EIA). Breath condensate is a non-invasive method of
collecting airway secretions. Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and carbon
monoxide (CO) levels were measured by a chemiluminescence analyser.
RESULTSConcentrations
of 8-isoprostane in the breath condensate of patients with stable
cystic fibrosis were increased about threefold compared with normal
subjects (42.7 (4.5) pg/ml vs 15.2 (1.7) pg/ml; p<0.005, 95% CI
14.6 to 40.9). 8-Isoprostane concentrations were negatively
correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second in patients with
cystic fibrosis (r = 
0.61; p<0.005). Exhaled CO was also increased in patients with cystic fibrosis compared
with normal subjects (6.7 (1.2) ppm vs 2.9 (0.3) ppm; p<0.05, 95%
CI 0.2 to 7.4). 8-Isoprostane concentrations were significantly
correlated with CO levels (r = 0.66;
p<0.002).
CONCLUSIONSThe
results of this study show that oxidative stress is increased in cystic
fibrosis and may be quantified by measuring 8-isoprostane concentrations in breath condensate.
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